General Chemicals

Diethyl carbonate(sometimes abbreviatedDEC) is acarbonate esterofcarbonic acidandethanolwith the formula OC(OCH₂CH₃)₂. At room temperature (25 DegreeC) diethyl carbonate is a clear liquid with a low flash point.

Diethyl carbonate is used as asolventsuch as inerythromycinintramuscular injections. It can be used as a component ofelectrolytesinlithium batteries. It has been proposed as a fuel additive to support cleaner diesel fuel combustion because its high boiling point might reduce blended fuels' volatility, minimize vapor buildup in warm weather that can block fuel lines.It can be made by reactingphosgenewith ethanol, producinghydrogen chlorideas a byproduct. Becausechloroformcan react with oxygen to form phosgene, chloroform is stabilized for storage by adding 1 part (by mass) of ethanol to 100 parts (by mass) of chloroform, so that any phosgene that forms is converted into diethyl carbonate.

EDC is a colourless liquid with a mild odour. It is toxic and extremely flammable. EDC is a good organic solvent but slightly soluble in water.

2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is a chlorinated derivative of phenol with the molecular formula C₆H₄Cl₂O. 2,4-DCP is used primarily as an intermediate in the preparation of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Annual worldwide production is estimated at 88 million pounds.^[1] It is also a photo-degradation product ofcommon antibacterial and antifungal agent triclosan along with the dioxin 2,8-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.Liquid (molten) 2,4-DCP is readily absorbed through the skin and contact with large amounts may be fatal.Solid 2,4-DCP does not readily absorb through skin and has a lower NFPA H=3 rating (versus H=4 for molten 2,4-DCP). This is primarily caused by instantaneous renal failure, liver damage and various other organ failure.

2-Bromobutane is an isomer of 1-bromobutane. Both compounds share the molecular formula C₄H₉Br. 2-Bromobutane is also known as sec-butyl bromide or methylethylbromomethane. Because it contains bromine, a halogen, it is part of a larger class of compounds known as alkyl halides. It is a colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. Because the carbon atom connected to the bromine is connected to two other carbons the molecule is referred to as a secondary alkyl halide.

2-Bromobutane is relatively stable, but is toxic and flammable. When treated with a strong base, it is prone to undergo an E2 reaction, which is a bimolecular elimination reaction, resulting in (predominantly) 2-butene, an alkene (double bond). 2-Bromobutane is an irritant, and harmful if ingested. It can irritate and burn skin and eyes.

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Terylene (a trademark formed by inversion of (polyeth)ylene ter(ephthalate)) is also spliced into bell rope tops to help prevent wear on the ropes as they pass through the ceiling.